Indima kunye nomsebenzi wamandla oxanduva kwi-elektroniki yanamhlanje
I-ACocitors yi-Ubiquitoous kwihlabathi le-elektroniki, esebenza njengezinto ezisisiseko ezenza uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Nokuba ifumaneka kwisixhobo esilula sekhaya okanye inkqubo yemveliso enzima, amandla ahambelana nokusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweziphaluka ze-elektroniki. Eli nqaku lidla ngokuqhutywa kwindima ebultshwayo yamandla, ihlola imigaqo-siseko yawo ephantsi, izicelo, kunye nefuthe kwi-elektronikhi yanamhlanje.
1. Ukuqonda iziseko ze-capacitors
Kwinkangeleko yayo, i-capacitor ingumntuIcandelo le-elektronikiigcina amandla ombane kwicandelo lombane. Inepleyiti ezimbini ezizimeleyo ezahlulwe ngabantu abaphantsi kwe-diecric, ezisebenza njenge-imenteeator. Xa i-voltage isetyenziswa kwiplate kwiplate, indawo yombane ikhula ngaphaya kwesidima, ibangela ukuqokelela kwentlawulo enye kunye nentlawulo engalunganga kwelinye. La mandla agciniweyo anokukhululwa xa kufuneka, enze amachaphaza axabiseke kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
1.1Ukunyanzelwa kunye neeriyini yayo
Ukukwazi kwe-capacitor ukugcina intlawulo kulinganiswa yixhobukeli yayo, ibonakaliswe kwi-farads (f). Ukunyanzelwa kuyahambelana ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo ephezulu yeepleyiti kunye ne-dielectric rhoqo yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kwaye ilinganiswe ngokungapheliyo kumgama phakathi kweepleyiti. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamandla awaziwa ngamaxabiso ahlukeneyo okuba zilungele izicelo ezithile, ukusukela kwiPicasosurads (PF) kwimijikelezo ehamba-right kwi-farads kwi-farads kwi-SuperCacitors esetyenziselwa ukugcinwa kwamandla.
2. Imisebenzi ephambili yamandla
Amandla enza amachaphaza enza imisebenzi ephambili kwiziphaluka ze-elektroniki, nganye ifaka isandla kwintsebenzo kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo.
2.1Ukugcinwa kwamandla
Enye yeendima eziphambili zeCapacitor kukugcina amandla. Ngokungafaniyo neebhetri zamandla ezigcina amandla ngokukhawuleza amachiza, amandla okugcina amachaphaza agcina i-elektrostati. Obu buchule bokugcina ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukukhulula amandla bwenza amandla okwenza izicelo ezifuna ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza, njengokukhanya kwekhamera, ii-chabrilators, kunye neenkqubo ze-laser.
I-Supercacitors, uhlobo lweCaputaopacitor ephezulu, ziphawuleka kakhulu ngenxa yezakhono zokugcina amandla. Batshayela umsantsa phakathi kwamandla kunye neebhetri, ukubonelela ngoxinzelelo lwamandla aphezulu kunye nentlawulo ekhawulezayo / ukuqhuba imijikelezo. Oku kubabenza baxabiseke kwizicelo ezinjengeenkqubo zokuqhubela phambili eziphindaphindiweyo kwizithuthi zombane kunye nezinto zangaphantsi kwamandla.
2.2Ukucoca
Kwisekethe yokuhambisa amandla, amachaphaza adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekucoceni. Batyhafisa i-goltage fastctionations ngokuguqula ingxolo engafunekiyo kunye ne-ripple kwiimpawu ze-AC, ekuqinisekiseni ukukhutshwa kwe-DP. Lo msebenzi ubalulekile kwizibonelelo zamandla kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki ezibuthathaka, apho i-voltage yezinzileyo iyimfuneko ukuthintela ukungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukonakala.
Amandla asetyenziswayo asetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunye nezixhobo zokwenza izihluzi ukwenza iifilitha ezibhloka okanye zipake kwi-ranges ethe tyaba. Ezi filters zibalulekile kwizicelo ezinje ngokulandelelana kwevidiyo, irediyo yerediyo (i-RF), kunye nokulungiswa kwesiginali, apho banceda khona ngokwahlula-hamba.
2.3Ukudibanisa kunye nokucofa
Amandla asetyenziswa rhoqo ekunxibelelaneni nasekucoleni izicelo. Ukudibana, amachaphaza avumela imiqondiso ye-AC idlulisela ukusuka kwelinye inqanaba lesiphatho kwelinye lesiphatho elinye ngelixa ivimba nayiphi na into yeDC. Oku kubalulekile kwi-Amplifiers kunye neeNkqubo zoNxibelelwano, apho kubalulekile ukuba ugqithise imiqondiso ngaphandle kokutshintsha i-voltage yabo yesiseko.
Ukucofa, kwelinye icala, kubandakanya ukubeka amandla kufutshane neesekethe zoncedo (i-ICs) ukugcina i-voltage yezinzileyo ngokufumana i-Poltages Spike Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiisekethe zedijithali ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu apho ukutshintshelwa okukhawulezayo kunokubangela ukutshintsha ngequbuliso kwivolthi, enokubakho kwimpazamo okanye ingxolo.
2.4Ixesha kunye ne-osciciotion
Amandla ngamacandelo aphambili ngexesha lokuzibandakanya kunye nesekethe ye-osciciction. Xa idityaniswa nabaqeqeshi okanye izithintelo, amandla anokwenza i-RC (i-Destictor-Capacitor) okanye i-LC (i-Itctuctor) isekethe evelisa ukulibaziseka kwexesha okanye i-oscipacit). Ezi ziphaluka zisekelwa kuyilo lweewotshi, amaxesha, kunye ne-oscillators ezisetyenziswa kuyo yonke into ezisuka kwiwotshi yedijithali kwiivenkile zerediyo.
Ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha iimpawu ze-Anitions kwisekelo yexesha, zenza ukuba zibe nokungabi namali kwizicelo ezifuna ulawulo lwexesha elichanekileyo, njengeesekethe ze-micronthroller (PWM).
2.5Ukudluliselwa kwamandla
Kwizicelo apho kufuna ukutshintshelwa kwamandla okukhawulezayo, amachaphaza engozi ngenxa yokwazi kwabo ukuphelisa amandla agciniweyo ngokukhawuleza. Le ndawo ixhatshazwa kwizixhobo ezifana ne-electromagnetic Pulseres, apho amandla akhupha amandla abo agciniweyo ngexesha elifutshane, elinamandla. Ngokufanayo, kwiingcongconi, abantu abanamachaphaza ngokukhawuleza ukuhambisa ukoyikeka kombane okufunekayo kwintliziyo yesigulana.
3. Iindidi zamandla kunye nezicelo zazo
Zininzi iindidi zamandla, zenzelwe ukuba zisebenze ezithile ezisekwe kwiimpawu zazo ezifana nokuxhobisa, ukulinganisa i-voltage, ukunyamezelana, kunye nokuzinza.
3.1Amandla e-elektrolytic
Amandla e-elektrolyticBaziwa ngamaxabiso aphezulu okunika amandla kwaye ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwisekethe yokuhambisa amandla okungcola kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla. Ziyaphalazwa, intsingiselo banesikhokelo esivakalayo nelibi, ekufuneka sijolise ngqo kwisekethe ukunqanda ukonakala. Ezi caphitors zihlala zifumaneka kwizicelo ezinjenge-Amplifiers, apho i-capcitious enkulu iyafuneka ukuthoba isibonelelo sombane.
3.2I-Ceramic capacitors
I-Cemidic Achiocitors isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yesayizi yabo encinci, iindleko eziphantsi, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwamaxabiso eendleko. Azizohliselwa ziphangiwe, ezenza ukuba babe sengqiqweni ngokusebenzisa iisekethe ezahlukeneyo. Amandla e-ceramic ahlala esetyenziswa kwizicelo ezi-RF, ezinje ngemijikelezo ye-RF kunye nokucofa kwimijikelezo yedijithali, apho kunesifo sabo esiphantsi kwaye uzinzo oluphezulu siyingenelo.
3.3I-Capacitors yefilimu
Amandla efilimu eyaziwayo ngokuzinzileyo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle, kunye nokuthathwa kwendawo yediliya. Ziqhelekile ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka, ezinjengeesekethe ze-audio, amandla e-elektroniki, kunye nezicelo zokucoca. I-filkocitors iza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-polyester, i-polyproplene, kunye ne-polystyrene, nganye inikela iimpawu zentsebenzo ezahlukeneyo.
3.4I-Supercaciters
I-Supercacitors, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Ultracacitors, nikezela amaxabiso aphezulu kakhulu anengxaki xa uthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo ze-Cacecio. Zisetyenziswa kwizicelo zokugcinwa kwamandla apho kufuneka intlawulo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukuqhuba imijikelezo iyafuneka, njengeenkqubo zokuqhubela phambili, ukuhambisa amandla okubuyela umva, kunye nememori oxhumayo kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki. Ngelixa bengazigcini amandla amaninzi njengeebhetri, amandla abo okuhambisa ngokukhawuleza aqhekezeke kakhulu kwizicelo ezithile.
3.5I-Tental-cancitors
Amandla e-tenallum eyaziwa ngokuba ngamandla abo aphezulu, abenze balungele izixhobo ze-elektroniki. Zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiifowuni eziphathwayo, iilaptops, kunye nezinye izinto eziphathwayo apho indawo inomda. Amandla e-tentalm anikezela ngokuzinza kunye nokuthembeka, kodwa babiza kakhulu kuneentlobo ezithile.
4. Amandla kwitekhnoloji yale mihla
Njengoko inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, amachaphaza ayaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso kunye nokuphuculwa kweenkqubo ze-elektroniki.
4.1Amachaphaza kwii-elektroniki zemoto
Kumzi-mveliso we-Automotive, amachaphaza asetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiyunithi ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lwe-elektroniki (i-ECUS), izilonda, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwamandla. Ukwanda kokuntywila kwee-Altronikhi zemoto, kubandakanya nokunyuka kwezithuthi zombane (i-EVs) kunye netekhnoloji yokuqhuba ngokuzenzekelayo, iqhubele imfuno yee-ACHECOCORES eziphezulu. Umzekelo, amachaphaza amandla kwi-interters yamandla kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri kufuneka zisingise kunye namaqondo obushushu, afuna amandla ngokuxhomekeka kwithemba eliphezulu kunye ne-liespans ende.
4.2Amandla kwiinkqubo zamandla ahlaziyiweyo
I-APICITORS ikwabalulekile kwiinkqubo zamandla ahlaziyiweyo, ezinjenge-earners yamandla amanqatha kunye ne-turbine verators. Kwezi nkqubo, amachaphaza anceda ukuthoba i-voltage kunye nengxolo yecebo lokucoca, ukuqinisekisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nosulelo. I-Supercacitors, ngokukodwa, zifumana ingqalelo yamandla abo okugcina kwaye zikhuphe ngokukhawuleza amandla, zibenza balungele ukuzinza kwegridi kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kwizicelo ezihlaziyiweyo.
4.3Amandla kwi-trandammunications
Kumzi-mveliso wonxibelelwano, amachaphaza asetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ukusuka ekucoceni nasekudibaniseni kwimijikelezo yokuhambisa umqondiso ukuya kugcino lwamandla. Njengoko uthungelwano lwe-5G lwandiswa, imfuno yabasebenzi abaziinzo eziphezulu zokuzinza eziphezulu kunye nokulahleka okuphantsi kuyanda, ukuqhuba izinto ezintsha kwitekhnoloji ye-Canecioutic ukuze ifezekise ezi mfuno.
4.4Amachaphaza kwi-elektroniki yabathengi
I-elektroniki kubathengi, kubandakanya nee-smartphones, iitafile, kunye nezixhobo eziguquguqukayo, zixhomekeke kakhulu kwii-Achicitors zolawulo lwamandla, ukulungiswa kwesiginali, kunye ne-mineatherization. Njengoko izixhobo ziba mandundu ngakumbi kwaye zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, imfuno yamandla anezixhobi eziphezulu, ubungakanani obuphantsi, kunye nokuvuza okuphantsi kwaye kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi. I-Tantalelom kunye ne-caciracic candlakos isetyenziswa rhoqo kwezi zicelo ngenxa yobungakanani babo kunye nozinzo.
5. Imiceli mngeni kunye nezinto ezintsha kwitekhnoloji ye-Canecict
Ngelixa amachaphaza ayesesiseko kwi-elektroniki kumashumi eminyaka, ukuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kunye nemiceli mngeni ukuqhubeka nokwakha uphuhliso lwabo.
5.1I-Miniatherition kunye neCatitity ephezulu
Ibango lezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezincinci, ezinamandla ngakumbi zikhokelele ekutyhaleni i-mineathering kwitekhnoloji ye-Cacecioutiti. Abavelisi baphuhlisa amaxabiso amaxabiso aphezulu okunyanzela kwiiphakeji ezincinci, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezikwii-smartphones kunye nezixhobo ezidumileyo. Izinto ezintsha kwizixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokwenza imveliso ziphambili ekufezekiseni ezi njongo.
5.2Iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kunye nee-caplity eziphezulu zevolthi
Njengoko izixhobo ze-elektroniki zisebenza ngokukhuselekileyo ezifuna iindawo ezifuna ukutya, ezinje ngezicelo ze-AOEOTEATIC okanye i-aerospace, isidingo sabasebenzi esinokukhulisa amaqondo obushushu kunye neevolthi eziphakamileyo. Uphando lujolise ekuphuhliseni iinzulubisi ngokuphuculwa kozinzo lwe-subrm kunye namandla kaDiedic ukuya kufezekisa ezi mfuno.
5.3Ukuqwalaselwa kokusingqongileyo
Inkxalabo yokusingqongileyo ikwaqhuba izinto ezintsha kwitekhnoloji ye-caneccithe. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziyingozi ezinobungozi, ezinjengokukhokela kunye neendlela ezithile zediliya, zikhutshelwe ngaphandle kweendlela ezizezinye ezizezinye. Ukongeza, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona kunye nokulahlwa kwe-capac
Iingcango, ngakumbi ezo zinezinto ezinqabileyo okanye ezinetyhefu, ziya kuba zibaluleke kakhulu njengoko inkunkuma ye-elektroniki iyanda.
5.4Amandla kwitekhnoloji ekhulayo
Itekhnoloji ekhulayo, efana nekhomputha yekhomputha kunye neenkqubo ze-AI eziphambili ze-AI, imiceli mngeni kunye namathuba amatsha kunye namathuba okuphuhlisa amandla. Ezi teknoloji zifuna amacandelo anokuchaneka kakhulu, ingxolo ephantsi, kunye nokuzinza, ukutyhala imida yezinto ezinokufezekiswa. Abaphandi baphonononge izinto zeNovel kunye noyilo lokwenza amandla anokuhlangabezana nezicelo zala manqanaba anqabileyo.
6. Ukuqukumbela
I-APICITORS ingamacandelo afanelekileyo kwiLizwe le-elektroniki, ezenza uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi evela kugcino lwamandla kunye nokucoca ukudibanisa, ukucofa, kunye nexesha. Ukuxhaphaka kwabo kunye nokuthembeka kwabo kubenza babenze ilitye le-teknoloji yale mihla, baxhasa ukuqhubela phambili kuyo yonke into evela kwi-elektroniki yabathengi kwiinkqubo zemoto kunye namandla ahlaziyiweyo. Njengoko itekhnoloji iyaqhubeka ivela, ke iya kuyifumana indima yamandla, ukuqhuba intsha eya kwenza ikamva le-elektroniki.
Nokuba kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-smartphone, enika i-bragenity yesithuthi esinemoto, okanye ukuzinzisa i-voltage kwigridi yamandla, amachaphaza adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kweenkqubo ze-elektroniki. Njengoko sijonga kwikamva, uphuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji ye-Caneccitor kuya kuba yimfuneko ekuhlangabezeni nemiceli mngeni kunye namathuba asuswe ziitekhnoloji ezikhulayo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwendalo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: Aug-13 ukuya ku-1224